Vascular: Compartment Anatomy

Upper Extremity Compartments

Upper Arm Compartments (x3)

  • Anterior (Flexors)
  • Posterior (Extensors)
  • Deltoid

Forearm Compartments (x3)

  • Volar (Flexors) – Most Common
  • Dorsal (Extensors)
  • Lateral/Mobile Wad (Brachioradialis & Extensor Carpi Radialis Muscles) – Rare

Hand Compartments (x10)

  • Thenar
  • Hypothenar
  • Dorsal Interosseous x4
  • Volar Interosseous x3
  • Adductor Pollicis

Arm Compartments 1

Forearm Compartments 1

Hand Compartments 2

Lower Extremity Compartments

Buttock Compartments (x3)

  • Gluteus Maximus
  • Gluteus Medius & Gluteus Minimus
  • Tensor Fascia Lata

Thigh Compartments (x3)

  • Anterior (Quadriceps & Sartorius)
  • Posterior (Hamstring)
  • Medial/Adductor

Calf Compartments (x4)

  • Anterior – Most Commonly Affected Compartment
    • First to Be Affected (First Web Space Numbness is an Early Finding)
  • Lateral
  • Deep Posterior – Most Commonly Missed Compartment
  • Superficial Posterior

Foot Compartments (x4-9, Debated)

  • Interosseous (May Be x4 Separate)
  • Medial
  • Lateral
  • Central (May Be x3 Separate – Superficial/Middle/Deep)

Thigh Compartments 1

Calf Compartments 1

Calf Compartment Contents

Neurovascular Contents

  • Anterior
    • Anterior Tibial Artery
    • Deep Peroneal Nerve (Dorsiflexion & 1st Webspace Sensation)
  • Lateral
    • Superficial Peroneal Nerve (Eversion & Lateral Foot Sensation)
  • Deep Posterior
    • Posterior Tibial Artery
    • Peroneal Artery
    • Tibial Nerve (Plantar Flexion)
  • Superficial Posterior
    • Sural Nerve

Muscles

  • Anterior
    • Tibialis Anterior
    • Extensor Hallucis Longus
    • Extensor Digitorum Longus
  • Lateral
    • Peroneus Brevis
    • Peroneus Longus
  • Deep Posterior
    • Tibialis Posterior
    • Flexor Hallucis Longus
    • Flexor Digitorum Longus
  • Superficial Posterior
    • Soleus
    • Gastrocnemius

Calf Compartment Contents 1

References

  1. Gray H. Anatomy of the Human Body (1918). Public Domain.
  2. Reichman EF. Compartment Syndrome of the Hand: A Little Thought about Diagnosis. Case Rep Emerg Med. 2016;2016:2907067. (License: CC BY-4.0)