Miscellaneous: Frailty & Falls

Frailty & Falls

Frailty

  • Definition: Age-Related Syndrome of Physiologic Decline
  • Increases Vulnerability & Risk for Health-Related Complications
  • Phenotypic/Syndromic Factors:
    • Unintentional Weight Loss
    • Weakness
    • Exhaustion/Fatigue
    • Slowed Gait
    • Low Activity Levels
  • Assistance with Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Alone is Not a Factor of Frailty

Timed “Up & Go” (TUG) Test

  • Good Evaluation of Mobility
  • Test:
    • Stands from Chair
    • Walks 10-Feet Away
    • Turns Around
    • Walks Back
    • Sits Down
  • Time ≥ 12 Seconds Indicate an Increased Risk for Falls

Risk Factors for Falls

  • History of Falls – Strongest Risk Factor
  • Muscle Weakness
  • Gait & Balance Problems
  • Poor Vision
  • Fear of Falling
  • Chronic Comorbidities (Arthritis, Stroke, Diabetes, etc.)
  • Extrinsic Factors:
    • Lack of Stair Handrails
    • Poor Stair Design
    • Lack of Bathroom Grab Bars
    • Dim Lighting
    • Obstacles or Tripping Hazards
    • Slippery or Uneven Surfaces
    • Psychoactive Medications
    • Improper Use of Assistive Devices
  • *Age Itself is Not a Risk Factor